An improved method for feeding ash model compounds to a bubbling fluidized bed – CLC experiments with ilmenite, methane, and K ₂ CO ₃

Biomass conversion with carbon capture and storage (Bio-Energy CCS; BECCS) is one of the options considered for mitigating climate change. In this paper, technology chemical-looping combustion (CLC) examined in which CO2 produced a stream separate from air. A central research topic CLC oxygen carriers; solid metal oxides that provide process. waste-derived fuels contain reactive ash compounds, such as potassium, interactions between carrier species are critical lifetime performance carrier. This work develops demonstrates an improved method studying carriers. The uses lab-scale reactor operating under fluidized conditions, simulating batch-wise by switching feed gas. novelty setup integrated system feeding particles model enabling simulation accumulating bed. Ilmenite benchmark fuel was used study to evaluate using K2CO3 compound. Experiments were done at 850 950°C. Methane cycles fluidization evaluated gas analysis pressure drop measurements. Scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) diffraction (XRD) bed after experiments establish changes morphology composition ilmenite. compound concluded be satisfactory. At 950°C, K accumulated forming K-titanates agglomeration enhanced addition. mechanism solid-state sintering Fe-oxides on particle surfaces. defluidized but no effect seen 850°C. suitable Fe-Ti-K ilmenite potassium without influence other species. © 2023 Authors. Greenhouse Gases: Science Technology published Society Chemical Industry John Wiley & Sons Ltd.